Leap one: food
The Green Revolution of the 1960s and 70s turned a nation dependent on grain imports into one of the world's largest producers of rice and wheat.
Leap two: code
Bengaluru, Hyderabad and Pune became the back office of the world and then its product studio. Today India produces more software engineers each year than any other country.
Leap three: payments
UPI processes over 15 billion transactions a month. A chaiwala with a QR code is now a more advanced payments terminal than most shops in Europe.
Leap four: roads and rails
National highway length has nearly doubled in a decade. Vande Bharat trains connect cities at 160 km/h, and Delhi, Mumbai and Bengaluru metros carry millions daily.
Leap five: space
Chandrayaan-3 landed near the lunar south pole in August 2023 for less than the budget of a Hollywood film. Aditya-L1 now watches the Sun. Gaganyaan will carry Indian astronauts on an Indian rocket.
Growth here is not a line on a chart. It is a grandmother video-calling her grandson from a village that got electricity in 2018.